At its peak, Ancient Egypt was one of the world’s largest and powerful civilizations. It spanned more than 3,000 years: beginning around 3150 BCE and falling in 30 BCE during the Roman Conquest of Egypt. Ancient Egypt emerged from Prehistoric Egypt after the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, which took place under the pharaoh Menes around 3000 BCE. During its New Kingdom, Ancient Egypt extended its rule to Nubia and much of the Levant. Over its rule, it was invaded or conquered by several civilizations, such as the Hyksos, Kushites, Assyrians, Persians, Greeks, and Romans. Ancient Egyptians are credited with inventions such as the obelisk, Egyptian faience, pyramids, some types of medicine, and the world’s earliest peace treaty: which took place between the Egyptians and the Hittites in 1259 BCE.
